Compared to other structures, steel structures have extraordinary advantages, mainly manifested as:

Steel structure engineering is widely used in large-span industrial plants and buildings due to its characteristics such as large span, light weight, good seismic and impact resistance, high space utilization, fast construction speed, and economic practicality. However, there are also issues in the actual construction process. Ensuring construction quality has become a problem that every steel structure engineer must face and solve.

1. Characteristics of Steel Structure Technology

Compared with other structures, steel structures have extraordinary advantages, mainly manifested as:

(1) Fast. All dry construction operations are not affected by environmental seasons. For a building of about 300 square meters, only 5 workers and 30 working days are needed to complete the entire process from foundation to decoration.

(2) Environmental protection. The material can be 100% recycled, truly achieving green environmental protection and pollution-free.

(3) Energy saving. All use high-efficiency energy-saving walls, which have good insulation, heat insulation, and sound insulation effects, achieving a 50% energy-saving standard.

(4) Wind resistance. Lightweight steel structure houses are light in weight, high in strength, have good overall rigidity, and strong deformation capability. The weight of the building is only 1/5 of that of brick-concrete structures and can withstand hurricanes of 70m/s, effectively protecting life and property.

(5) Sound insulation. Sound effect is an important indicator for evaluating residences. The windows installed in the light steel system are made of hollow glass, which has a good sound insulation effect, reaching over 40dB; the sound insulation effect of walls composed of light steel keels and thermal insulation material gypsum board can reach 60dB.

(6) Health. Dry construction reduces environmental pollution caused by waste. The steel structure of the house can be 100% recycled, and most other supporting materials can also be recycled, which aligns with current environmental awareness; all materials meet ecological environmental requirements and are healthy green building materials.

(7) Comfort. The light steel walls use an energy-efficient system with breathing functions that can adjust the indoor air's dryness and humidity; the roof has ventilation functions that can create flowing air inside the house to ensure ventilation and heat dissipation requirements inside the roof.

(8) Durability. The lightweight steel structure residential structure is entirely composed of cold-formed thin-walled steel components, and the steel frame is made of super anti-corrosion high-strength cold-rolled galvanized sheets, effectively avoiding the impact of steel plate corrosion during construction and use, thus extending the service life of light steel components. The structural lifespan can reach 100 years.

(9) Thermal insulation. The thermal insulation material used is mainly fiberglass cotton, which has good thermal insulation effects. The use of external wall insulation boards effectively avoids the 'cold bridge' phenomenon of walls, achieving better insulation effects. The thermal resistance of R15 insulation cotton with a thickness of about 100mm can equal the thermal resistance of a brick wall with a thickness of 1m.

(10) Seismic resistance.

2. Steel Structure Construction Technology

Welding parameters must be strictly controlled to reduce welding deformation, and specific processes and special molds should be used for correction to ensure the geometric dimensions and welding quality of the components. During installation, effective measures should be taken to eliminate accumulated errors in a timely manner. The focus of color plate installation is to pay attention to leak prevention and appearance quality.

(1) Roof pur strips and wall pur strips should be installed simultaneously.

Before installing pur strips, check for deformation of the components. If deformation exceeds the limit, it should be addressed, and oil and sand on the component surfaces should be removed. Several pur strips should be grouped together and lifted. After installing one span, check the slope of the strips. The straightness of the strips needs to be controlled within the allowable deviation range; otherwise, adjustments can be made using connecting bolts.

(2) Control the elevation of the columns.

To eliminate the impact of column length errors on column height, before hoisting, measure 1m down from the upper plane of the knee beam as the theoretical elevation cross-section, and mark it clearly as a reference for adjusting column height. On the upper surface of the column base plate, mark the intersection line of the vertical axis and horizontal axis passing through the center of the column to serve as a reference for installing and positioning the column. During installation, align the cross line on the column with the cross line on the foundation. First, use a level to correct the height of the column according to the mark on the theoretical height of the column, then use buffer blocks to buffer and tighten the anchoring screws. Then use two theodolites to correct the verticality of the column from two axial directions, and after meeting the requirements, tighten the bolts with double nuts. For structurally unstable single columns, temporary protective measures can be taken with wind cables. For color columns designed with inter-column supports, inter-column supports can be installed to enhance structural stability.

(3) Assemble the top beam.

Before ground assembly, check the roof beams. When the deformation of the components does not exceed the limit, and the friction surfaces of the high-strength bolt connections are free of debris and other contaminants, and the friction surfaces are confirmed to be flat and dry, they can be assembled on the ground. During assembly, use oil-free sleepers to buffer the components and use wooden strips on both sides of the components to enhance stability. The roof beams are assembled as a whole in two columns. After splicing is completed, it is necessary to check:

a. The straightness of the beams;

b. The spacing of bolt holes connecting to other components (such as columns).

After adjustment and inspection are qualified, tighten the high-strength bolts. Before installing the crane beam, check and install beams with deformation not exceeding the limit. After hoisting a single crane beam into place, it should be promptly secured to the beam foot with bolts, and connected with a level and theodolite to observe and adjust the connection plate between the upper edge of the crane beam and the column. After meeting the requirements, tighten the bolts. After hoisting is completed, all components will be rechecked and adjusted. After meeting design requirements, on-site welding will be carried out to repair damaged paint.